🛬 Landing speedsi
Vref and Vapp for every flap setting, the distance you need, and how much runway is left after you stop.
Airport and runwayi
Weatheri
Aircraft and loadingi
Match my sim i
Use the same weight and flaps as in your sim.
How this is calculatedi
Vref1.23 times the stall speed in the landing flap setting, at your landing weight.
Wind additiveHalf the headwind plus the gust spread, never less than 5 kt and never more than 20 kt, added to Vref to give Vapp.
Landing distanceAbout 1,000 ft of flare, a 3 second transition, then braking. Wet runways brake less.
Required distanceThe actual distance multiplied by 1.67 (dry), with a wet-runway increase, like the regulatory factor for dispatch.